Which of the following best describes a search that occurs while the arrestee is still present at the scene?

A search that is conducted while the arrestee is still present at the scene is known as a contemporaneous search. This type of search typically takes place immediately after an arrest and is intended to ensure the safety of law enforcement and to preserve evidence. The principle behind a contemporaneous search is founded on the need to allow officers to search a person and their immediate surroundings to prevent the destruction of evidence, ensure the safety of officers, and maintain the integrity of the investigation.

In contrast, a consent search relies on the voluntary agreement of a person to allow law enforcement to search without a warrant or probable cause. A custodial lineup refers to an identification procedure for witnesses to observe and potentially identify suspects, and a custodial arrest involves taking someone into custody, which may or may not include a search at that time. The focus of the question is specifically on the timing and immediate circumstances surrounding the search, which aligns closely with the characteristics of a contemporaneous search.