What term refers to the proper application of law regardless of race or background as mandated by the Fourteenth Amendment?

The term that refers to the proper application of law regardless of race or background is "equality before the law." This principle is rooted in the Fourteenth Amendment, which prohibits the state from denying any person equal protection under the law. This means that all individuals, regardless of their race, ethnicity, or social status, should be treated equally in the eyes of the law. The concept emphasizes that legal rights and responsibilities should apply uniformly to everyone, ensuring that justice is administered without bias or favoritism.

In contrast, the other terms listed do not capture the essence of this principle as effectively. Discrimination specifically refers to the unfair treatment of individuals based on certain characteristics, which is contrary to the idea of equality before the law. Due process pertains to the fair treatment and procedures that must be followed in legal proceedings but does not encompass the broader idea of equality among individuals. Community policing relates more to law enforcement strategies aimed at building relationships with the community rather than addressing equality in legal applications. Thus, choosing "equality before the law" accurately reflects the mandate of the Fourteenth Amendment regarding fair legal treatment for all individuals.