What should officers have to conduct a search of a vehicle properly?

To properly conduct a search of a vehicle, officers should have probable cause generated by prior knowledge or experience. Probable cause means that officers have a reasonable belief based on facts, circumstances, or observations that a crime has been committed or that evidence of a crime can be found in the vehicle. This standard helps to ensure that searches are not arbitrary and respect individuals' rights, while still allowing officers to act decisively when they suspect illegal activity.

In practical terms, probable cause may arise from various factors such as the officer's training and experience, specific observations made during the stop, or information received from credible sources. It allows for effective law enforcement while maintaining constitutional protections against unreasonable searches.

In contrast, relying solely on evidence obtained from the suspect may not provide sufficient basis for a search unless it meets the standards of probable cause. Observations of criminal activity prior to the stop can be helpful, but they must be strong enough to justify the search. A search warrant is generally required for searches of private residences or other areas that enjoy a higher expectation of privacy but is not necessary for vehicle searches under particular circumstances, such as when probable cause is established.